Leukemia
Commonly called blood cancer, leukemia usually begins in the bone marrow (soft tissue inside bones). When white blood cells grow abnormally, they become blasts or leukemia cells.
Types of Leukemia
Classification by disease progression
Acute Leukemia
It is characterized by a rapid increase in the number of immature blood cells. Immediate treatment is required in this case.
Chronic Leukemia
It is characterized by the excessive buildup of relatively mature but abnormal white blood cells. It typically takes months or years to progress.
Classification by type of white blood cells affected
Lymphocytic Leukemia
It affects the lymphoid cells which form lymphatic tissues that are responsible for the immune system.
Myelogenous Leukemia
It affects the myeloid cells that give rise to red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet-producing cells.
Common types of leukemia
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
It is slow-growing leukemia that affects lymphoid cells.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
It initially grows slowly and affects the myeloid cells in the body.
Acute Lymphocytic (Lymphoblastic) Leukemia (ALL)
It grows very fast and affects lymphoid cells. This is the most common type of leukemia.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
It also grows very fast and affects the myeloid cells.
Signs & Symptoms of Leukemia
- Bleeding & bruising problems
- Unusual tiredness or fatigue
- Fever, chills, night sweats
- Unintentional weight loss
- Nausea or a feeling of fullness
- Frequent or unusual infections
Treatment of Leukemia
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to destroy leukemia cells. Depending on the type of leukemia, a single drug or combination of drugs is used. It can be given orally through tablets or intravenously.
Biological Therapy
Biological therapy works by helping the immune system recognize and attack leukemia cells. It uses natural body substances or drugs to boost the defense system.
Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy uses drugs that attack specific vulnerabilities within the cancer cells. It is less toxic to healthy cells.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses X-rays or other high-energy beams to damage leukemia cells and stop their growth. It is often used in combination with other treatments.
Stem Cell Transplant or Bone Marrow Transplant
A stem cell transplant is a procedure to replace the diseased bone marrow with healthy bone marrow. Before this treatment, a high dose of chemotherapy or radiation therapy is used to destroy the diseased bone marrow.
Other Treatments
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